Brand names include:Apo-Hydro / Aquazide H / Dichlotride / Hydrodiuril

Active ingredient: hydrochlorothiazide.

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Hydrochlorothiazide is a medical product having the expressed diuretic and hypotensive pharmacological action. The use of the drug allows significantly reducing the opposite absorption of the liquid, ions of sodium and chlorine in the distal tubules. The active ingredients affecting the distal tubules reduce the excretion of ions of calcium, and this prevents the formation of stones in the kidneys.

The use of the drug favors the increase of the concentration ability of the kidneys, inhibition of the receptivity of the walls of the joints to the effect of mediators taking part in the transfer of the nervous impulses.  Hydrochlorothiazide has some hypotensive (reduces the pressure) effect and also lowers polyuria (increased formation of the urine) in patients with diabetes insipidus. Moreover this drug is able to reduce the intraocular pressure during the closed angle glaucoma in some cases.

The diuretic effect appears rather quickly. A stable lowering of the arterial pressure is observed in already one hour after the use of the drug. The maximal effect of the drug appears in 4 hours after the use and is observed within the following 12 hours.

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The drug is a valuable remedy for the treatment of the hypertensive diseases especially accompanied by the insufficiency of the blood circulation. As Hydrochlorothiazide potentiates the action of the hypotensive remedies it is often prescribed in combination with these drugs especially patients with high arterial pressure. The combined treatment may be effective during the malignant course of the hypertensive disease. The doses of the hypotensive drugs during the combined use with Hydrochlorothiazide may be reduced.


 

Directions for the use

  • arterial hypertension
  • edema during the heart failure and liver cirrhosis
  • chronic renal failure
  • diabetes insipidus 
  • clowed angle glaucoma
  • edematic syndrome of different genesis
  • prophylaxis of the formation of the stones in the kidneys 

Common Use

  • Hydrochlorothiazide tablets are recommended to be taken in the first half of the day after eating, without chewing and breaking it.
  • To prevent or treat hypertensive disease the dosage regimen is indicated on the level of 25-50 mg per day (in combination with hypotensive drugs)
  • In case of diabetes insipidus it is prescribed 50-100 mg per day 3-4 uses
  • The daily dose for children is calculated depending on the body weight and severity of the disease. Usually it is recommended to prescribe Hydrochlorothiazide in the dose of 1-2 mg/kg of the body weight per day. The daily dosage is taken once or divided into 2 equal parts (in the morning and afternoon).   

Contraindications

  • Hydrochlorothiazide is not prescribed patients with individual increased sensitivity to the active component of the drug and other thiazide diuretics
  • The drug should not be prescribed patients suffering from the expressed disorders of the functions of kidneys, anuria, severe type of the pancreatic diabetes, and gout, and also dysfunction of liver.
  • The drug is not recommended for pregnant women in the first term of the pregnancy and also in the period of the lactation.

Possible Side effects

Hydrochlorothiazide drug is usually well tolerated by the patients, however the development of such unwanted effects as dryness of the mucous membrane of the mouth, lowering of the body weight, nausea, slow response, high fatigue, irritation, skin itching, and hives should not be eliminated.

The side effects are a natural reaction of your body to the use of the medical products, and therefore if these side effects do not bring you discomfort, a medical intervention is not needed. Oftentimes, the side effects pass within 4-5 days.